Hit-and-run accident: What to do to get compensated?

What is a hit-and-run?

A hit-and-run is a serious offence under the Highway Safety Code that occurs when a person involved in a collision leaves the scene without identifying themselves or providing assistance to anyone who is injured.

What to do immediately after a hit-and-run

1. Call 911 right away if anyone is injured or if the situation poses a danger.
2. Gather essential information for the police investigation and your accident claim. Note the following details:
   1. The time of the incident
   2. The exact location
   3. A description of the vehicle and/or driver
   4. The colour, make, and licence plate number, if possible
   5. The direction the vehicle fled
3. Collect statements and contact information from any witnesses.
4. Take photos of the damage to your vehicle and of the scene.
5. Have your vehicle towed to a safe location if it is no longer drivable after the collision.

Do you need to call the police after a hit-and-run?

Yes. While it is not legally required, many insurers require a police report to be filed within 24 to 48 hours of the incident. Without this document, your insurer may refuse to process your claim as a hit-and-run, and you could end up having to cover the costs yourself.

Is a hit-and-run covered by your car insurance?

It depends on the type of coverage included in your auto insurance policy.

You have comprehensive coverage

Your vehicle is generally covered if you have collision and upset coverage or a comprehensive (“all perils”) policy. Even if the at-fault driver cannot be found, these coverages typically allow you to receive compensation for the damages sustained.

The deadline for reporting the incident to your insurer is generally 24 to 72 hours after the event. The more information you provide, the smoother the claims process will be: photos, witness statements, a police report, and a description of the circumstances.

Your insurer will then assess whether the damages are covered under your policy.

Good to know: A hit-and-run is the only not-at-fault accident for which a deductible applies. However, several car insurers—including CAA-Quebec for its members—offer an endorsement (Q.E.F. No. 41 – Change to deductibles) that allows the deductible to be waived in the event of a hit-and-run.

You only have liability coverage

If you only carry civil liability insurance, damage to your vehicle will not be covered in the event of a hit-and-run. Depending on your situation, you may however be eligible for compensation from the Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ).

Can a hit-and-run raise your insurance premium?

The answer depends on several factors:

• Your insurer’s underwriting rules
• Your claims history
• The number of prior incidents on your driving record
• The circumstances of the event

Even after a not-at-fault accident, an insurance claim can affect your premium.

Does it make a difference if you’re driving a rental vehicle?

No. The rules around hit-and-runs are the same whether you are driving your own vehicle or a long-term rental. The main difference lies in the administrative steps involved.

What are the consequences of a hit-and-run?

A hit-and-run can result in fines, demerit points, licence suspension, or licence revocation. In some cases, it may constitute a criminal offence under the Criminal Code, leading to a criminal record or imprisonment. Leaving a note on a windshield is not sufficient to meet your legal obligations.

Minor damage: Should you file a hit-and-run claim?

This should be assessed on a case-by-case basis. Depending on your deductible and your car insurance policy, minor damage does not always justify filing a claim.

Before making a decision, keep in mind that what appears to be minor damage can lead to costly repairs. Depending on the coverage in your policy, your deductible may be reduced or waived in the event of a hit-and-run.

Your insurer may suggest a garage or repair shop, but you are free to choose your own. Whichever option you go with, it is best not to wait too long before having your vehicle repaired.

Good to know: CAA-Quebec members enjoy a 3% discount at Approved Auto Repair Services.

What to do if you witness a hit-and-run

Speak up. Your help can make a real difference:

• Note the licence plate number if possible.
• Remember the make, model, and colour of the vehicle.
• Take photos or video when it is safe to do so.
• Contact the police.
• Pass the information along to the owner of the damaged vehicle.

If you cannot find the owner, you may leave a note with your contact information and the details you gathered. This is appropriate if you are a witness, but not if you are the one responsible for the accident.

FAQ — Hit-and-run

1. How long do you have to report a hit-and-run?

It is recommended to report the incident to the police within 24 to 48 hours to obtain an incident report. Then contact your insurer as soon as possible, report number in hand.

2. Does leaving a note on the windshield prevent a hit-and-run charge?

No. If the vehicle owner is not present, leaving a note is not sufficient to fulfil your legal obligations. The driver must take the necessary steps to identify themselves and report the accident, including contacting the police if needed.

3. Do you have to pay a hit-and-run deductible?

Yes. However, some insurers offer coverage options that reduce or eliminate this deductible.

4. Can the SAAQ compensate a hit-and-run victim?

Yes. The SAAQ may provide compensation in a hit-and-run situation when the victim only has civil liability insurance.

5. Hit-and-run in a parking lot: what should you do?

Take photos of the damage, look for witnesses, and report the incident to the police promptly. Then contact your insurer to find out what coverage applies to your situation.